Son Doong Cave, Quang Binh: A Must-Visit Destination for Adventure Enthusiasts
Son Doong Cave, the largest cave in the world, was formed millions of years ago. Boasting a mystical and magnificent beauty, along with diverse geological formations that include caves, rivers, waterfalls, a rich variety of flora, and fossils, Son Doong has become a highly sought-after destination for adventure travelers. Tours to the cave are fully booked through 2026, reflecting its growing appeal. Let SVietnam Travel guide you through the details of this extraordinary cave.
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Overview of Son Doong Cave, Quang Binh
Son Doong Cave is located within Phong Nha – Ke Bang National Park in Bo Trach District, Quang Binh Province. It lies amidst the oldest limestone mountains in Asia, dating back 400 to 450 million years. Using advanced technology to analyze fossilized sediment samples, geologists have determined that Son Doong was formed between 3 to 4 million years ago, the result of the Rao Thuong River eroding the limestone, creating a massive cave hidden beneath the majestic Truong Son Mountain Range. The cave’s ceiling has partially collapsed over time, forming large sinkholes that connect it to the outside world.
Who Discovered Son Doong Cave?
On December 10, 1990, a local farmer named Ho Khanh first discovered Son Doong Cave during a forest expedition after losing his way. However, due to losing track of its location, it wasn’t until 2009, after many attempts and in collaboration with the British Cave Research Association, that he was able to lead experts to officially explore Son Doong. The cave was subsequently recognized as the largest natural cave in the world, a title confirmed by National Geographic in 2010.
Spanning nearly 9 kilometers in length, the cave reaches widths of up to 150 meters and heights of up to 200 meters, with an estimated volume of 36.8 million cubic meters. These impressive figures have allowed Son Doong to surpass Deer Cave in Malaysia and claim the title of the “world’s largest natural cave” as recognized by Guinness World Records in 2013.
Son Doong not only captivates with its massive size but also with its awe-inspiring and mysterious interior. It features a system of more than 350 caves and underground rivers, both large and small. To reach Son Doong, one must pass through Hang En, the third-largest cave in the world. Hang En stretches 1.6 kilometers and has a ceiling nearly 100 meters high. It is home to swiftlet birds all year round. Inside Son Doong, the terrain is diverse, from enormous stalagmite formations to winding subterranean rivers, making it a unique natural wonder that adventurers and exploration enthusiasts dream of experiencing.
Key Milestones from the Discovery to the Global Introduction of Son Doong Cave:
- Early December 1990: Ho Khanh accidentally discovered the entrance of the cave, marking the first discovery of Son Doong Cave.
- April 7, 2009: Ho Khanh, along with Howard Limbert and the British-Vietnamese expedition team, conducted surveys and mapping of the cave.
- April 14, 2009: Son Doong Cave was officially named and announced as the largest natural cave in the world, garnering global attention through National Geographic magazine.
- March 17, 2010: The expedition team completed the full survey and mapping of the cave, unveiling the massive beauty of Son Doong.
- 2013: Son Doong was recognized by Guinness World Records as the world’s largest natural cave.
- 2015: Images from inside Son Doong Cave were broadcast live on ABC News, and National Geographic published a stunning 360-degree photo series with sound from within the cave.
- 2020: Son Doong Cave was honored as one of the “20 Record-Breaking Natural Wonders” by Business Insider.
- 2021: The 360-degree photo tour of Son Doong on National Geographic became a virtual reality tour, attracting attention during the Covid-19 pandemic.
- April 14, 2022: Google Doodle celebrated Son Doong Cave on the homepage of Google’s search engine in 18 countries worldwide.
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How to Reach Son Doong Cave
Exploring Son Doong Cave is an adventure tourism activity, and currently, Oxalis Adventure is the only company licensed to offer tours to the cave. If you’re fortunate enough to secure a spot on a Son Doong expedition, your journey begins by traveling to Dong Hoi City, Quang Binh Province. From there, Oxalis staff will pick you up and take you to Phong Nha – Ke Bang National Park, located about 45 kilometers from the city center, a 40-minute drive by car. From the park, your challenging yet exhilarating journey to Son Doong Cave begins.
Each tour group is limited to only 10 guests, and each participant is provided with comprehensive information, skills training, and detailed guidance. The group also includes two cave experts, three local guides, two chefs, two park rangers, and 20 porters to carry equipment and other items such as tents and blankets. Both the safety of the expedition and the preservation of the cave are top priorities.
Best Time to Explore Son Doong Cave
The ideal time to explore Son Doong Cave in Quang Binh is from January to August each year. During each period, the cave offers its own distinct charm. Here’s a breakdown of what to expect at different times:
From January to March
This period in Phong Nha has the cool, crisp weather of winter, making it perfect for long hikes through the forest as you’ll exert less energy. It’s also spring, considered the best time to explore Son Doong Cave, with trees and flowers in Phong Nha bursting into bloom. This is a great time to capture artistic landscape photos.
From April to May
During this time, Phong Nha is in a transitional season, with mild weather, no scorching sun, and minimal rain. If you’re looking to enjoy trekking, this is an excellent time, as you won’t have to worry about unfavorable weather conditions.
From June to August
This is the summer season, and temperatures in Phong Nha can get quite high. However, once you enter the cave, you’ll feel an immediate coolness, as the temperature inside stays between 18 to 23 degrees Celsius, making it feel like you’re standing in a giant air-conditioned space.
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Things to Do Inside Son Doong Cave
Explore En cave
En cave, the third-largest cave in the world, is the only entry point to conquer Son Doong Cave. Its enormous entrance allows sunlight to flood in, illuminating a crystal-clear emerald lake, creating a mystical scene that will leave you in awe. In 2015, En cave was featured in the Hollywood blockbuster Pan, showcasing its stunning beauty on the big screen.
Climb the Dog’s Foot Stalagmite
The Dog’s Foot is a massive natural stalagmite inside Son Doong Cave. To reach Sinkhole 1, another remarkable feature of the cave, you must cross a gigantic chamber over 1 km long. From this spot, you can enjoy a nearly panoramic view of Son Doong’s breathtaking interior.
Discover the Great Wall of Vietnam
The Great Wall of Vietnam is the highest stalagmite wall at the end of Son Doong Cave, also marking the highest point of the cave’s dome (about 200 meters). To reach this place, you’ll need to trek through a muddy section of the cave, which can be challenging. If you’re lucky, when the water rises, this area transforms into a stunning, cool blue lake.
Swim in the Cave
With numerous lakes and underground rivers inside Son Doong, swimming is not only an exciting experience but also a necessary part of the journey to continue the exploration. Some areas have fast-flowing water, so be sure to follow the guides’ instructions to ensure safety.
Experience Unique Camping
Son Doong Cave offers two campsites near sinkholes, allowing you to enjoy fresh air while stargazing under the beautiful night sky. It’s an unforgettable camping experience within the majestic cave.
Chase Clouds and Sunbeams
Your adventure in Son Doong Cave wouldn’t be complete without capturing the magical moment when sunlight streams through the sinkholes. Additionally, mist often covers the cave, adding a dreamy and mysterious atmosphere to the already awe-inspiring landscape.
Cost, Requirements, and Schedule for Exploring Son Doong Cave
Detailed Information about the Son Doong Cave Tour:
- Exclusive Tour Operator: Oxalis Adventure
- All-Inclusive Tour Price: 75,000,000 VND per person (approximately US$3,000)
- Tour Season: From January to August each year
- Tour Duration: 6 days and 5 nights
- Maximum Group Size: 10 guests per tour
- Participation Requirements: Trekking experience within the past 12 months and regular physical fitness training.
Note: The Son Doong expedition is rated as the most challenging (level 6) adventure tour. Travelers must be in good health, physically fit, and strictly adhere to safety regulations throughout the journey.
What to Prepare Before Exploring Son Doong Cave
Physical Training and Health Requirements
To explore Son Doong Cave, you need to be in good physical condition for the demanding activities involved. If you join the tour but do not meet the health requirements to complete the journey, you will be returned to the starting point without a refund.
You should train by walking 10 km per day, climbing at least 3 flights of stairs per climb, with a goal of 15 climbs per day, without becoming short of breath.
Items to Prepare
Oxalis Adventure will provide the necessary camping equipment. You only need to bring the following personal items (with a weight limit of 7 kg):
Clothing
- 1-2 sets of lightweight clothing (t-shirts and pants) for resting and camping
- 4-5 sets of sportswear suitable for adventure trekking
- 1 swimsuit for visiting Hang En
- 1 windbreaker and 1 warm sweater if traveling between February and April
Footwear
- 1 pair of hiking shoes with good grip and a simple design to avoid getting caught in branches
- 1 pair of rubber sandals or shoes with back straps for use at the campsite
Backpacks
- 1 large waterproof backpack with multiple compartments to hold all personal belongings (This backpack will be carried by the porters to the designated campsite)
- 1 smaller backpack for items needed during the trek
Medications
In addition to learning basic first aid, you should bring medications for stomach pain, gastritis, colds, insect repellent, electrolyte tablets, and antifungal foot powder.
Personal Hygiene Items
You should pack underwear, shampoo, body wash, toothpaste, facial cleanser, towels, dry tissues, wet wipes, sunscreen, gloves, a sun hat, makeup remover, 4-5 pairs of long, thick socks (avoid waterproof or short socks).
Other Essentials
- Camera, phone, power bank, waterproof bags, tripod, handheld flashlight, personal water bottle, sleeping bag liner for use in the tent, earplugs, and a headscarf to wear under the helmet to reduce sweat and odor.
Other Notes When Exploring Son Doong Cave
- It is essential to follow the rules set by the tour company.
- Stick to the designated trails as directed by the tour guide.
- Do not touch any stalactites, plants, or capture insects or wildlife inside the cave.
- Outside of the prime season from January to August, Son Doong Cave is closed from September to December. This time is reserved for maintenance, ecosystem recovery, and ensuring the safety of visitors.
Conclusion
For travelers with good health and a passion for adventure, exploring Son Doong Cave is an extraordinary and unforgettable experience—one that is worth challenging yourself to try at least once in a lifetime. Although it is considered an expensive tour, the unparalleled value and unique features of Son Doong make it well worth the investment.
